Antibiotics: What side effects should you look out for to protect your health?

What is an antibiotic treatment?

What are antibiotics for?

Antibiotics are medicines used to treat infections caused by bacteria. They are not effective against viruses, such as those responsible for colds or flu. Antibiotics stop bacteria from multiplying and help the body recover from the infection. It is therefore essential to understand their role in order to follow a treatment properly and reduce health risks.

How do antibiotics work in the body?

Once ingested, antibiotics circulate in the blood and reach the infected areas. Depending on the type, they can either directly kill bacteria or prevent them from reproducing. However, their action can also affect certain “beneficial” bacteria, especially those in the gut microbiome, which explains why side effects are common.

The most frequent side effects of antibiotics

Digestive issues and diarrhoea

Digestive problems are among the most common side effects of antibiotics. Diarrhoea, bloating, or abdominal pain may occur because antibiotics disrupt the natural balance of the gut flora. This imbalance can also promote the development of certain infections, such as thrush or intestinal infections.

Fatigue and general malaise

It is common to feel unusually tired during or after an antibiotic treatment. This fatigue may be accompanied by headaches, dizziness, or a general sense of weakness. These symptoms are linked both to the body’s reaction to the medicine and the infection being treated.

Allergic reactions and skin rashes

Some people may develop allergic reactions to antibiotics, ranging from mild skin rashes to more severe symptoms, such as swelling or difficulty breathing. It is important to recognize these signs quickly and consult a healthcare professional if in doubt.

Other possible side effects

Other side effects may occur depending on the type of antibiotic and the individual’s sensitivity. Nausea, vomiting, or loss of appetite are fairly common. In some cases, joint or muscle pain may also appear.

Risks linked to prolonged or inappropriate use

Antibiotic resistance

Excessive or inappropriate use of antibiotics can lead to bacterial resistance. Bacteria then become harder to eliminate, and certain infections may become more severe or prolonged. Understanding this risk is essential to following treatment correctly.

Disruption of gut flora

Antibiotics can disrupt the gut microbiome, causing digestive issues and making the body more vulnerable to certain infections. Using probiotics and maintaining a balanced diet may help restore gut flora and reduce side effects.

Interactions with other medications

Antibiotics may interact with other medicines, changing their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. It is therefore important to inform your doctor or pharmacist about all treatments you are currently taking before starting an antibiotic.

How can you limit the side effects of antibiotics?

Follow the prescribed dose and duration

To reduce the risk of side effects, it is essential to strictly follow your doctor’s instructions. Stopping treatment too early or changing the dose can compromise the antibiotic’s effectiveness and encourage bacterial resistance.

Eat well and stay hydrated

A balanced diet and proper hydration help limit digestive discomfort and support the body during treatment. Avoiding foods that are too fatty or irritating can also reduce nausea and bloating.

Use probiotics to protect gut flora

Probiotics can help restore gut microbiome balance after an antibiotic treatment. They may prevent diarrhoea and support the overall recovery of the digestive system.

When should you consult a healthcare professional?

Warning signs not to ignore

Certain symptoms require immediate medical attention. Severe allergic reactions, intense or persistent diarrhoea, significant abdominal pain, or general malaise should be assessed quickly by a doctor.

Questions to ask your doctor or pharmacist

It is recommended to ask all your questions before or during treatment. Inquire about possible side effects, potential interactions with your other medications, and how to manage any symptoms that arise. Good communication with healthcare professionals ensures safe and effective treatment.

Conclusion: understanding side effects to better manage your treatment

Antibiotic side effects are common but often predictable and manageable. Understanding how they work, following the prescribed dosage and duration, and staying attentive to your body’s signals are key steps for safe treatment. If in doubt, consulting a healthcare professional helps protect your health and minimize risks.

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Take care!